THE FOURTH BIBLIOGRAPHY
Alexander L. Slade ©2005
CHAPTER 6
DOCUMENT DELIVERY
This chapter includes works that focus on the delivery of library
materials and resources to distance learners and other remote
users.
2004
Weible, Cherié L. "Selecting Electronic Document Delivery
Options to Provide Quality Service." In The Eleventh Off-Campus
Library Services Conference Proceedings: Scottsdale, Arizona, May 5
-7, 2004, edited by Patrick B. Mahoney. Mount Pleasant, MI:
Central Michigan University, 2004, 403-409. Reprinted in Journal of Library Administration 41, no. 3/4 (2004): 531-540.
Electronic document delivery services can be difficult to provide consistently to a diverse student and faculty population. A library desiring to implement an EDD must consider method of delivery, software choices, testing the system, and troubleshooting. Document delivery can be provided by attaching a document to an email or by offering a web site from which to download the document. The author discusses some of the software available for document delivery and how the various pieces can work together or separately to provide either attachments or downloads. After choosing software, testing and troubleshooting on a wide scale must occur to ensure seamless delivery to the user population. C. Biles.
2003
Pearson, Kathryn. Unforseen Opportunity: Improved Services
Migrate from Document Supply to Distance Education. Paper
presented at the 8th Interlending and Document Supply International
Conference, Canberra, Australia, 28-31 October 2003. Online.
Available: http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/conference/liddas.html
The LIDDAS (Local Library Interlending and Document
Delivery) Project was implemented by Macquarie University
Library's in efforts to providing its distance education students
library and information resources. This paper traces the
development of the Australia University's implementation of the
project. A brief history of the University is included, focusing
on the library's innovative contributions toward ways to assist
its remote users. VDX software was used to manage automated
interlibrary loans and end-user searching. The author discusses
Australia's current higher education climate and she recognizes
funding and the challenge of serving distance education students
as major issues. M.Thomas.
Viggiano, Rachel. "Distance Learners: Not Necessarily Distant."
The Southeastern Librarian 51, no. 3 (Fall 2003): 31-34.
The increasing difficulty in distinguishing distant
learners from traditional students makes it counterproductive to
offer separate services to different populations, according to the
author. Instead, libraries are advised to standardize services
offered to all students. The exception, says the author, is
document delivery. It is unfeasible to offer home delivery service
to all students, unless it is on a cost-recovery basis. Yet such a
service is essential in providing equitable service for distant
learners. The author recommends a clear policy outlining
eligibility for document delivery services for distance learners.
Other service recommendations include alternatives for issuing
student ID cards, relocating telephone reference service away from
the reference desk so that phone and in-person reference service
are not in competition, toll-free phone service, and working with
faculty to promote information literacy instruction and library
services. J. Markgraf.
2002
Casey, Anne Marie and Pamela A. Grudzien. "Increasing Document
Delivery to Off-Campus Students Through an Interdepartmental
Partnership." In The Tenth Off-Campus Library Services Conference
Proceedings: Cincinnati, Ohio, April 17-19, 2002, edited by
Patrick B. Mahoney. Mount Pleasant, MI: Central Michigan University,
2002, 111-117. Reprinted in Journal of Library Administration
37, no. 1/2 (2002): 137-145.
Reporting on a cooperative library effort to more
efficiently deliver documents to off-campus students, the authors
describe a successful 1999 project at Central Michigan University.
Although traditionally two distinct public service entities,
Off-Campus Library Services (OCLS) partnered with the Interlibrary
Loan Office to improve collection access, fill rates and delivery
time for items requested by distance students. Requests moved
directly into the interlibrary loan system, were tracked and
managed using Clio software and were electronically delivered to
individual desktops using Prospero software thus increasing fill
rates by 12%, turnaround time by days and overall customer
satisfaction. Challenges encountered include budgetary and
software technology issues. The enhanced OCLS service was
temporarily funded through Acquisitions, however institutional and
state cuts in funding demonstrated the need for a permanent
budget. Paperless operations, a priority for ILL, may not work as
well for OCLS. Benefits included improved access to library
collections for distance students, many far removed from an
academic library that can support upper level research needs, and
the establishment of a model for greater cooperation and
collaboration between departments. L. Frederiksen.
Chakraborty, Mou and Johanna Tuñón. Going the
Distance: Solutions and Issues of Providing International Students
with Library Services. Paper presented at the AAOU Pre-Conference
Seminar on "Outreach Library Services for Distance Learners,"
February 20, 2002, New Delhi, India. Online. Available: http://www.ignou.ac.in/aaou-pre/Chakraborty.htm
For over thirty years the Library at Nova Southeastern
University (NSU) has offered library services to students located
around the world. Along with a description of services, problems,
solutions and issues are also presented. In particular, the
authors' experience with various document delivery models is
described. These delivery models include: access to online
full-text databases, the scanning of articles, building local
research resources, and negotiating formal agreements with local
libraries. The pros and cons of each model are presented.
Furthermore, the provision of reference and instruction is
discussed with an emphasis on the cultural and political
sensibilities that colour students' perceptions of library
services. Offering library services in the languages of
instruction is also briefly mentioned. J. Wheeler.
Dieterle, Ulrike. "Digital Delivery to the Desktop Documents
Anytime, Anywhere." In Distance Learning 2002: Proceedings of the
18th Annual Conference on Distance Teaching and Learning, August
13-15 2002, Madison Wisconsin. Madison, WI: University of
Wisconsin-Madison, 2002. Online. Available: http://www.uwex.edu/disted/conference/Resource_library/proceedings/02_21.pdf
(in pdf format)
See the abstract below. The same paper was delivered at
two different conferences--content is identical in both. L.
Fredeiksen.
Dieterle, Ulrike. "Digital Document Delivery to the Desktop:
Distance is No Longer an Issue." In The Tenth Off-Campus Library
Services Conference Proceedings: Cincinnati, Ohio, April 17-19,
2002, edited by Patrick B. Mahoney. Mount Pleasant, MI: Central
Michigan University, 2002, 193-198. Reprinted in Journal of
Library Administration 37, no. 1/2 (2002): 243-250.
Library Express, a web-based document request and desktop
delivery service at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, is
described. With strong administrative support and attention to
technical and staffing details, the goal of providing a
high-quality, timely and convenient product to health sciences
graduate students, staff and faculty was achieved. In this model,
a single web-based request form gives a single access point for
various ILL/DD activities. All articles, book chapters, and table
of contents are delivered electronically to patrons regardless of
location, with no difference made between those on-campus and
those in other cities, states or countries. Planning,
implementation and operational phases of the project are
summarized, as are hardware, software and workload issues on both
the public and staff sides of the service. Lessons learned during
the process may provide a best practices example for other
institutions considering a complete digital request and delivery
program for distance and campus populations. L. Fredeiksen.
Firman, Elizabeth. Worth the Wait? Analysing LIDDAS for
Off-Campus Library Service Delivery. Paper presented at the 'Your
Time, Your Place, Your Off Campus Library Service' Conference, Monash
University, Caulfield Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, 4-5 February 2002.
Available online (in pdf format)
In 1998, the University of Southern Queensland (USQ) in
Australia became one of six sites to implement the use of the
Local Interlending Document Delivery Administration System
(LIDDAS). LIDDAS was developed by Fretwell-Downing, a UK-based
company, to improve interlibrary loan services, but the USQ
library saw LIDDAS more as a way to improve services to its
off-campus students. Although LIDDAS was not operational at the
time of this paper, the author discusses anticipated advantages
and challenges. Evaluation procedures will include annual student
surveys. A. Lawrence.
Fuller, David H., Jr. "Distance Learning and Interlibrary Loan: A
Look at Services and Technology." Journal of Interlibrary Loan,
Document Delivery and Information Supply 12, no. 4 (2002):
15-25.
Using web-based software, libraries now offer many
services and resources that benefit distance education users,
including remote access to full-text databases, electronic
reserves and real-time reference chat. Interlibrary loan
departments traditionally provided library materials that couldn't
be found in local systems to on-campus populations but now also
locate, retrieve and distribute books and articles to off-campus
patrons as well. In this essay, the author gives an overview of
enhanced interlibrary loan procedures and technologies and how
they relate to distance education. Document and book delivery
options that include Ariel and Prospero software, as well as mail
and courier service, are described. The impact of consortial
relationships on interlibrary loan borrowing and lending is
briefly discussed. L. Frederiksen.
2001
Fuller, David H., Jr. "From Document Delivery to Distance
Learning: An Interlibrary Loan Perspective." Journal of
Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery and Information Supply 11,
no. 4 (2001): 51-59.
Unlike the more widely used term of interlibrary loan,
the meaning of document delivery to distance learners varies from
institution to institution. In some cases, the phrase denotes
arrangements with commercial suppliers, in others it refers to a
library's ability to send articles electronically to desktops. At
the University of Florida's, document delivery refers to a
complete service of supplying books and articles to off-campus
students, faculty and staff. The service encompasses materials
owned by the university libraries as well as items borrowed
through more traditional interlibrary loan processes. Using the
Smathers Libraries program as a model, the author provides a brief
history of the service. A detailed description of the document
delivery processing workflow is given. The web-based request form
is available to three categories of remote users, with documents
delivered via UPS mail. Issues of costs, staffing, policies, and
eligibility are discussed, as is the need for having a web
presence to effectively market document delivery services. L.
Fredeiksen.
2000
Birch, Katie and Ian Pettman. "Linking Distance Learners With the
UNIverse." In Libraries Without Walls 3: The Delivery of Library
Services to Distant Users, edited by Peter Brophy, Shelagh
Fisher, and Zoë Clarke. London: Library Association Publishing,
2000, 166-174.
Utilizing Z39.50 and ISO ILL protocols, a multinational
European consortium built UNIverse, a virtual union catalog that
integrates search, request and retrieval library services. In this
summary of the three-year venture that ended in 1999, the authors
describe the goals and successes, as well as the limitations and
problems involved in the creation of a single interface catalog.
During the project period, the consortium sought to leverage
existing and emerging standards and technologies to develop a
product that provides virtual library users with the option of
using the Internet to access multiple catalogs and databases,
request documents and monitor the status of orders. While designed
specifically with distance learners in mind, a unified electronic
catalog benefits this population by removing the twin barriers of
inconvenience and confusion that multiple interfaces present. In
outlining the features of UNIverse, the authors present a possible
solution to anytime and anywhere access to library services. L.
Frederiksen.
Calvert, Hildegund M. "Document Delivery Options for Distance
Education Students and Electronic Reserve Service at Ball State
University Libraries." In The Ninth Off-Campus Library Services
Conference Proceedings: Portland, Oregon, April 26 -28, 2000,
compiled by P. Steven Thomas. Mount Pleasant, MI: Central Michigan
University, 2000, 73-82. Reprinted in Journal of Library
Administration 31, no. 3/4 (2001): 109-125.
Academic libraries that proactively develop and use new
technologies to support distance education efforts also improve
overall access to library services and resources. At Ball State
University, students and faculty engaged in distance learning have
several document ordering and delivery alternatives including
web-based request forms, desktop article delivery via Ariel and
DocView software, and aggregated full-text databases. The author
provides a literature review of document delivery and distance
education, noting that speed and convenience are of primary
importance. After describing the distance education and document
delivery landscape at Ball State, a report on a recent electronic
reserves project is given. By working with faculty, the
information technology department, and library staff, course
materials are made readily available. L. Frederiksen.
Jackson, Mary E. "Research Collections and Digital Information:
Will There Be a Role for Interlibrary Loan and Document Delivery
Services?" Co-published simultaneously in Journal of Library
Administration 31, no. 2 (2000): 15-25, and Research
Collections and Digital Information, edited by Sul H. Lee. New
York: Haworth Press, 2000, 15-25.
As the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) Senior
Program Officer for Access Services, the author is an
internationally recognized authority on interlibrary loan and
document delivery. Few have as complete an understanding of ILL/DD
processes and costs as the author and in this transcript of a 2000
conference presentation, she succinctly describes the current and
future interlibrary loan and document delivery landscape. The link
between ILL/DD, distance education and collection management is
detailed. Patrons and libraries alike both desire better, faster
and cheaper access to resources and while an increase in the
number and availability of electronic resources benefits all users
the licensing agreements that make this access possible also have
the potential of restricting sharing between libraries. Copyright
guidelines allow for borrowing and lending of books and article
photocopies. License agreements for electronic resources may or
may not allow libraries to do the same. The argument for
negotiation of favorable licenses that allow for
library-to-library and library-to-patron is made. Other issues
addressed include the role of consortia and technology and how
electronic material will be permanently archived in research
library collections. L. Frederiksen.
McPherson, Madeleine. "The Missing Link: Using Interlibrary Loan
Management Software to Integrate Services to Distance Students." In
Libraries Without Walls 3: The Delivery of Library Services to
Distant Users, edited by Peter Brophy, Shelagh Fisher, and
Zoë Clarke. London: Library Association Publishing, 2000,
108-114.
Integrating library resources and services into one
common and convenient portal benefits all library users,
regardless of location. At the University of Southern Queensland,
while focusing on the needs of the remote student, a user-friendly
system for finding and retrieving information was developed as
part of an institution-wide strategic plan to provide
award-winning global distance education. After appraising the
needs of distance students for fast and easy access to sources,
and how current library systems and procedures may limit that
access, the author reflects on the implementation of a unified
service whereby students can use catalog and database finding
tools to identify relevant citations and full-text articles and
download or verify location. Fast and convenient document delivery
of needed library resources has long been a barrier to equitable
service for remote users, however with the addition of LIDDAS
(Local Inter-Lending and Document Delivery System), a distributed
resource-sharing software developed in cooperation with the
Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee and Fretwell-Downing
Informatics, library users will also be able to use a common
interface to request items, track order requests, and retrieve
requests electronically. L. Frederiksen.
Morris, Anne and Neil Jacobs. "Experiences of Using Electronic
Document Delivery Services From the Workplace and From Home." In
Libraries Without Walls 3: The Delivery of Library Services to
Distant Users, edited by Peter Brophy, Shelagh Fisher, and
Zoë Clarke. London: Library Association Publishing, 2000,
154-165.
FIDDO (Focused Investigation of Document Delivery
Options), a three-year study evaluating commercial document
suppliers in the United Kingdom, is described. Document delivery
services generally provide materials directly to a user's desktop
or via fax, email attachment or mail. Costs are either managed
centrally by a library or are billed directly to the remote
patron. While the promise of electronic document delivery to the
desktop appears to be a solution for providing equitable research
support to those patrons who cannot or will not travel to a campus
library building, the results of this project indicate that
commercial services currently available are inadequate for meeting
this need. Despite the number of products on the market, problems
with authentication, costs, and technical support are found in
each of the five suppliers examined. Assessment criteria included
product set-up and maintenance, technical support, document and
service costs, equipment requirements, speed of service, subject
coverage, reliability, and ease of use. Advantages and
disadvantages of each supplier are given. The project concludes
that while the potential exists for a product that meets access
requirements, currently no commercial document supplier is able to
provide the subject coverage or technical reliability that remote
users should expect. L. Frederiksen.
Murphy, Molly and Karen Rupp-Serrano. "Interlibrary Loan and
Document Delivery: Lessons to be Learned." Journal of Library
Administration 28, no. 2 (2000): 15-24.
Current statistical management software programs, such as
Clio, provide interlibrary loan librarians valuable data on
borrowing and lending patterns and trends. By sharing this
information with collection development staff on a regular basis,
the authors argue that improved purchase and cancellation
decisions might be made which, in turn, benefits all library
users. Calling for better communication between departments, the
authors give several scenarios whereby the details extracted from
interlibrary loan and document delivery transactions could prove
useful to collection managers. In the case of distance education
programs, interlibrary loan reports may give a more accurate
picture of areas where a collection is lacking, and also create an
avenue for liaison work with instruction and subject librarians.
L. Frederiksen.
1999
Noble, Steve. "Delivering Accessible Library Services in a
Distance Learning Environment." Information Technology and
Disabilities 6, no. 1-2 (April 1999). Online. Available:
http://www.rit.edu/~easi/itd/itdv06n1/article5.html
Libraries must deliver reference services, document
delivery and information literacy to students involved in distance
learning courses. Document delivery can be problematic for
students with print disabilities. Recording for the Black and
Dyslexic (RFB&D) obtained a Telecommunications and Information
Infrastructure Assistance Program (THAP) grant beginning October
1, 1998 to examine the feasibility of delivering accessible
textbooks via digital delivery methods. The RFB&D's AudioPlus
books include an electronic text file with digitally-mastered
audio. I. Frank.
Vassie, Roderic. "Meeting the Document Supply Needs of Distance
Learners." Interlending & Document Supply 27, no. 4
(1999): 154-157.
Regardless of physical location, college and university
students need access to library resources that assist in
development of research and critical thinking skills. As demand
for distance learning continues to grow, customers and suppliers
alike must come to terms with inadequacies in current document
supply systems that set up disparities between on-campus and
remote patrons. Arguing that document delivery is as important to
quality education as teaching and technology, the author examines
barriers that exist in the United Kingdom distance education
model. Copyright restrictions and funding inequities top the list.
Although improved technology allows for electronic desktop
document delivery, at the time this article was written British
copyright compliance meant handwritten signatures for all copies,
an inconvenient and time-consuming process for the remote student.
The lack of stable funding is also discussed with course packs and
reliance on local libraries the solution to the problem of
insufficient access to academic resources. The model described
here legally and financially hampers document suppliers such as
the British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC) and
institutions offering distance degree programs. The author
contends that improvements to the model must occur at the policy
rather than the project level before these problems can be
resolved. L. Frederiksen.
Wessling, Julie. "Virtual Library Connections." Colorado
Libraries 25, no. 4 (Winter 1999): 48-53.
A large area network response to providing remote users
with library materials, the Virtual Library Connections (VLS)
project is an electronic request and delivery system that benefits
students living in rural and mountain areas of Colorado.
Implemented in 1999, VLC consists of 30 academic, public and
school libraries throughout the state. The consortium supports
distance learners based on geography rather than institutional
affiliation. The author describes the main elements of the project
that includes channels for document requests, document delivery
and statistical management. Requests from users are submitted via
web-based forms and routed through email to owning libraries then
article copies are transmitted electronically using Ariel software
and tracked with the Clio interlibrary loan management program.
Using grant-funds to improve the speed of document delivery to
remote users, libraries in the project also created an
infrastructure for statewide resource sharing. L.
Frederiksen.
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For more information, contact:
Sandy Slade
als@uvic.ca
Page updated:
June 05, 2005
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